Titanoboa cerrejonensis
- New Snake: Titanoboa cerrejonensis
- Name Means: Titanic Boa from Cerrejón
- Relations: Boid Snake
- Holotype: UF-IGM 1, a precloacal vertebra
- Location: Cerrejón, northeastern Colombia
- Age: Middle Paleocene, 58,000,000 to 60,000,000 years old
- Length: ~13 meters (42 feet)
- Weight: 1,135 kg (2,500 lbs)
- Info:

A vertebra from a modern Anaconda boid Anaconda compared with the type vertebra of Titanoboa.
Photo by Ray Carson, UF News Bureau. From the UF press release.
- The hefty vertebrae of newly-described Titanoboa dwarf their modern counterparts, and are by far the largest known from any fossil serpents, as well. Size estimates for this South American giant reach well over 40 feet in length and weighing in at just over a ton!
- Today, the largest snakes are found in the equatorial tropics, where high ambient temperatures allow them to maintain their “cold-blooded” bulk. If today’s anacondas and pythons need a mean annual temperature of 27° Celsius (80° F) to grow 20 feet long, then a giant like Titanoboa would have required mean annual temperatures of 32° Celsius (96° F) to support its serpentine bulk.
- Reference: Head, J. J., Bloch, J. I., Hastings, A. K., Bourque, J. R., Cadena, E. A., Herrera, F. A., Polly, P. D., and Jaramillo, C. A., 2009. Giant boid snake from the Palaeocene neotropics reveals hotter past equatorial temperatures. Nature 457: 715-717. doi:10.1038/nature07671. [Figures] [Supplementary Info]
- Further Reading:
—Matt Celeskey.
File under: Paleogene, Reptiles.
The modern vertebra in the photo isn’t an anaconda, it’s the smaller Boa constrictor.
I had that question, too, Christopher–the vert. looks like the Boa constrictor shown in Fig. 1 of the paper. On the other hand, the caption embedded in the image files claims it’s an anaconda.
Is there an easy way to know for certain?
“Is there an easy way to know for certain?”
I think the best way is to ask the photographer :-)
Which I’ve done – will let you know what he says.
I’ve sent an e-mail to the corresponding author asking which it is – hopefully he’ll clear it up.
Of course! One of these days, I’m sure I’ll realize that comparative osteology isn’t the only way to learn…
Thanks, Ed & Christopher…I’ll be interested to hear what you find out.
Can you imagine that thing slithering past you?? It’d take half an hour! But you daren’t tell it that…
It’s hard to imagine a creature quite that big isn’t it? especially a snake. It never occured to me that a cold-blooded organisms’ eventual adult size was dependent on the mean annual temperature of it’s environment, but then again I suppose it would have to be, wouldn’t it?
It also fascinates me how palaeontologists manage to deduce so much information about the life of fossilized organisms that are so old, with so little information.
This is a good link on T. Cerrejonensis-
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/science/article5662915.ece
i think there is more than just one giant snake fossilized in the Earth’s ground. I think whoever the person is that found this monstrousis animal should think this another of this Titanoboa cerrejonensis. Do you think there could be one now in our time if not explain?
I’ve heard back from Jason Heads, who confirms that the press release photo is a green anaconda. That’ll teach me for being an overly clever bugger.
Thanks, Christopher, for finding out and reporting back–much appreciated!
Joey – I’m no expert, but I don’t think we’ll find a snake that large in our time. Iif the scientists that described Titanoboa are correct in their climatic assumptions, then today’s tropics are too cold for a snake of that size to survive.
Heidi – thanks for the link. I’m fascinated with what paleontologists can learn from fragmentary fossils, as well. Check out the latest post at microecos for more about how nifty this particular fossil-based inference is.
I question the biothermometer hypothesis. Couldn’t the same be said for lizards and crocs? The largest crocs (salties) don’t live in the hottest places, and neither does the largest lizard (Komodo islands). Why are snakes’ body sizes more tied to temperature than other ecothermic animals?
“Why are snakes’ body sizes more tied to temperature than other ecothermic animals?”
I’d like to know that answer to that aswell.
It’s sort of funny, but I’m terrified of the idea of something so very big, and at the same time I wish that we could discover a live snake of that size.
Does anyone know of a website that has a picture of the skull of the Titanoboa? I’m curious to see how the bone structure differentiates from a modern species(which is the green anaconda, right?).
This is a really interesting post. I found it by searching through lists of blogs at ResearchBlogging. It’s too bad you don’t use their simple citation mechanism to put some of your posts there…
The fact that snakes are basically really long tubes (and thus do not retain heat very well) may have something to do with their dependence upon hot climes for increasing in size.
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